lead extraction
The surgical removal of chronically implanted cardiac device leads using specialized techniques and tools.
Full Definition
Lead extraction is a specialized cardiac procedure involving the removal of pacemaker or ICD leads that have been implanted for extended periods, typically over one year. The procedure requires advanced techniques including mechanical dilation, laser ablation, or radiofrequency energy to disrupt fibrous tissue that forms around chronically implanted leads. Lead extraction is indicated for device infection, lead malfunction, venous occlusion, or device upgrade requirements. The procedure carries significant risks including vascular tear, cardiac perforation, and death, requiring specialized training and equipment. Success is measured by complete lead removal without major complications.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from simple lead removal, which applies to recently implanted leads.
In Context
- "The infected device required complete lead extraction with femoral bypass standby." — Surgical procedure note
- "Lead extraction procedures should only be performed in centers with cardiac surgical backup." — Clinical guideline