pulmonary artery catheter
Multi-lumen balloon-tipped catheter for comprehensive hemodynamic monitoring in cardiac surgery patients.
Full Definition
A pulmonary artery catheter (PAC), also known as a Swan-Ganz catheter, is a balloon-tipped, flow-directed catheter inserted through the central venous system into the pulmonary artery for advanced hemodynamic monitoring. The catheter enables measurement of central venous pressure, pulmonary artery pressures, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, cardiac output, and mixed venous oxygen saturation. In cardiothoracic anesthesia, PACs provide crucial information for managing complex patients with significant cardiac dysfunction, guiding fluid therapy, vasoactive drug administration, and mechanical support decisions. Modern versions may include continuous cardiac output monitoring and right ventricular ejection fraction capabilities.
Usage
Usage note: Abbreviated as PAC; avoid confusion with pulmonary artery compression.
In Context
- "A pulmonary artery catheter was inserted via the right internal jugular vein for hemodynamic monitoring during the high-risk procedure." — Anesthesia record
- "Pulmonary artery catheter readings showed elevated filling pressures consistent with right heart failure." — ICU progress note