refractory epilepsy
Pronunciation: re-FRAC-tor-ee
Epilepsy that fails to respond adequately to two appropriate antiepileptic medications tried sequentially at therapeutic doses.
Full Definition
Refractory epilepsy, also known as drug-resistant epilepsy, is defined as the failure to achieve sustained seizure freedom despite adequate trials of two tolerated and appropriately chosen antiepileptic drug regimens. This definition, established by the International League Against Epilepsy, provides standardized criteria for identifying patients who are unlikely to respond to further medication trials and should be considered for alternative treatments such as epilepsy surgery, neurostimulation devices, or dietary therapies. Approximately one-third of patients with epilepsy develop refractory disease, making early identification crucial for optimal management and quality of life.
Usage
Usage note: Two words; specific ILAE criteria apply; implies need for alternative treatments.
In Context
- "The patient met criteria for refractory epilepsy after failing levetiracetam and carbamazepine trials." — Epilepsy clinic note
- "Refractory epilepsy patients should be referred for surgical evaluation at specialized centers." — Treatment guideline