Molecular Testing
Genetic analysis of thyroid nodule samples to improve diagnostic accuracy and guide treatment decisions.
Full Definition
Molecular testing for thyroid nodules involves analyzing genetic mutations, gene expression patterns, or microRNA signatures to refine cancer risk assessment when cytology results are indeterminate. Common platforms include gene expression classifiers, mutation panels testing for BRAF, RAS, and other oncogenes, and microRNA classifiers. These tests help reduce unnecessary surgery for benign nodules while ensuring appropriate treatment for malignant lesions. Results are interpreted in conjunction with clinical factors and cytology findings. Cost-effectiveness and institutional availability influence testing decisions, and interpretation requires understanding of test-specific performance characteristics.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from other laboratory testing; specify platform or genes when relevant.
In Context
- "Molecular testing of the AUS nodule revealed a benign gene expression profile." — Pathology addendum
- "The BRAF mutation detected on molecular testing confirmed papillary thyroid carcinoma." — Multidisciplinary conference note