Endocrine Oncology Glossary

A urine metabolite of serotonin used as a biomarker for carcinoid syndrome diagnosis.

An adrenal mass discovered incidentally on imaging studies performed for unrelated medical conditions.

Surgical technique that preserves normal adrenal tissue while removing pheochromocytomas or other adrenal lesions.

Preoperative pharmacological blockade of alpha-adrenergic receptors to prevent hypertensive crisis during pheochromocyto...

An aggressive, undifferentiated thyroid cancer with rapid growth and poor prognosis.

A Bethesda Category III cytological diagnosis indicating cellular abnormalities that cannot be definitively classified a...

A standardized classification system for reporting thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology results.

Surgical removal of both adrenal glands, typically performed for hereditary pheochromocytoma syndromes or bilateral dise...

Normalization of previously elevated biomarker levels following treatment of functional neuroendocrine tumors.

Serial measurement of tumor markers and hormones to assess treatment response and disease progression in endocrine tumor...

Normalization of hormone levels or tumor markers following treatment of endocrine tumors.

A hormone produced by thyroid C cells that serves as a tumor marker for medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Tumor penetration through the fibrous capsule surrounding an organ, an important prognostic factor in thyroid cancer sta...

A chemotherapy regimen combining capecitabine and temozolomide for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Life-threatening complication characterized by severe vasomotor symptoms in patients with carcinoid syndrome.

Cardiac valvular fibrosis and dysfunction caused by serotonin excess in carcinoid syndrome.

A paraneoplastic syndrome caused by hormone secretion from functional neuroendocrine tumors.

Life-threatening hypertensive emergency caused by massive catecholamine release from pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma.

Pathological overproduction of epinephrine and norepinephrine, typically by pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas.

Surgical removal of lymph nodes in the neck, commonly performed for thyroid cancer staging and treatment.

Chromogranin A, a protein biomarker used for diagnosis and monitoring of neuroendocrine tumors.

A protein biomarker used to diagnose and monitor neuroendocrine tumors.

A neuroendocrine secretory protein used as a biomarker for neuroendocrine tumors, alternative to chromogranin A.

Abnormal cellular features observed on microscopic examination that deviate from normal cytological characteristics.