Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Also written as: RLN — Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
A branch of the vagus nerve that innervates most laryngeal muscles and is at risk during thyroid surgery.
Full Definition
The recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a branch of the vagus nerve that provides motor innervation to all intrinsic laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroid muscle. During thyroid surgery, the RLN is at risk of injury due to its close anatomical relationship to the thyroid gland, particularly near the ligament of Berry. Injury to the RLN results in vocal cord paralysis, causing hoarseness, weak voice, and potential aspiration risk. Bilateral RLN injury can cause airway obstruction requiring emergency tracheostomy. Careful identification and preservation of the RLN is crucial during thyroidectomy, and many surgeons use intraoperative nerve monitoring to reduce injury risk.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as RLN; distinguish from other laryngeal nerves in surgical contexts.
In Context
- "The recurrent laryngeal nerve was visualized and preserved throughout the dissection." — Operative report
- "Postoperative laryngoscopy confirmed normal recurrent laryngeal nerve function bilaterally." — Surgical follow-up note