cisplatin
Pronunciation: SIS-plah-tin
Platinum-based chemotherapy agent that is a cornerstone of treatment for gynecologic cancers, particularly cervical and ovarian cancers.
Full Definition
Cisplatin is a platinum-based cytotoxic chemotherapy drug that works by forming DNA cross-links and preventing DNA repair, leading to cell death. It is one of the most important agents in gynecologic oncology and serves as the backbone of treatment for cervical cancer (often combined with radiation therapy) and as an alternative to carboplatin in ovarian cancer treatment. Cisplatin is associated with significant toxicities including nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, and emetogenicity, requiring careful monitoring and supportive care measures. The drug requires adequate hydration and close monitoring of renal function during administration. Response to cisplatin-based therapy often predicts sensitivity to other platinum agents.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify dosing schedule and monitoring requirements when prescribing cisplatin-based regimens.
In Context
- "The patient will receive weekly cisplatin during concurrent chemoradiation therapy for locally advanced cervical cancer." — Treatment plan
- "Due to pre-existing hearing loss, carboplatin was substituted for cisplatin in the treatment regimen." — Treatment modification