immunohistochemistry
Pronunciation: ih-MYOO-noh-his-toh-KEM-ih-stree
Laboratory technique using antibodies to identify specific proteins in tissue samples for cancer diagnosis and classification.
Full Definition
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a specialized laboratory technique that uses antibodies to detect and localize specific proteins or antigens in tissue sections. In gynecologic pathology, IHC plays a crucial role in cancer diagnosis, classification, and determination of treatment options. Common applications include distinguishing between different tumor types (such as using p53, WT1, and PAX8 for ovarian cancer classification), determining tumor origin in cases of metastatic disease, and identifying therapeutic targets such as estrogen and progesterone receptors. IHC results are interpreted in conjunction with routine histopathological examination and clinical findings to provide comprehensive diagnostic and prognostic information.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as IHC. Results must be interpreted with morphology and clinical context.
In Context
- "Immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade serous carcinoma with p53 mutation pattern." — Pathology report
- "IHC staining for estrogen receptors was strongly positive in the endometrial adenocarcinoma." — Molecular pathology report