endometrial biopsy
Pronunciation: en-do-MEE-tree-al BY-op-see
A procedure to sample the uterine lining for histopathological examination, typically performed to evaluate abnormal bleeding.
Full Definition
An endometrial biopsy is a minimally invasive procedure that involves sampling tissue from the endometrium (uterine lining) for microscopic examination. The procedure is most commonly performed to investigate abnormal uterine bleeding, particularly in women over 45 years of age, to rule out endometrial cancer or hyperplasia. It can be performed in the office setting using a thin, flexible catheter (such as a Pipelle) that is inserted through the cervix to aspirate endometrial tissue. The procedure may cause cramping similar to menstrual pain but is generally well-tolerated. Results provide information about the endometrial architecture, presence of hyperplasia, malignancy, or other pathological conditions. In some cases, the procedure may need to be performed under anesthesia or combined with dilation and curettage for adequate sampling.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from D&C; endometrial biopsy is typically less invasive and can often be performed in office setting.
In Context
- "An endometrial biopsy was performed using a Pipelle device to evaluate the patient's postmenopausal bleeding." — procedure note
- "The endometrial biopsy showed complex hyperplasia without atypia, and hormonal therapy was initiated." — pathology follow-up