breech presentation
Fetal malpresentation where the buttocks or feet present first instead of the head.
Full Definition
Breech presentation occurs when the fetal pelvis or lower extremities present first at delivery, affecting approximately 3-4% of all pregnancies. Three types are recognized: frank breech (hips flexed, knees straight), complete or full breech (both hips and knees flexed), and incomplete or partial breech (one or both hips not fully flexed). Most breech presentations at term require cesarean delivery due to increased risks of cord prolapse, head entrapment, and birth trauma. External cephalic version may be attempted to convert to vertex presentation before delivery. The presentation type influences delivery planning and counseling.
Usage
Usage note: Specify subtype (frank, complete, incomplete) when documented for delivery planning.
In Context
- "Ultrasound confirmed frank breech presentation at 36 weeks gestation." — Prenatal ultrasound report
- "External cephalic version was offered for the breech presentation." — Obstetric consultation note