extremely low birth weight
A classification for infants born weighing less than 1,000 grams (2 pounds, 3 ounces), representing the most critically premature births.
Full Definition
Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) is a medical classification used to categorize infants born weighing less than 1,000 grams (approximately 2 pounds, 3 ounces). These infants are typically born before 28 weeks of gestation and represent the most vulnerable population in neonatal intensive care. ELBW infants face significant risks including respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, and long-term neurodevelopmental complications. They require immediate and intensive medical intervention, often including mechanical ventilation, specialized nutrition support, and careful monitoring for complications. The survival rates for ELBW infants have improved significantly with advances in neonatal care, but they continue to require extensive medical follow-up.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as ELBW; specify exact weight in grams for precision
In Context
- "The extremely low birth weight infant required immediate intubation at delivery." — Delivery report
- "Long-term follow-up is essential for extremely low birth weight survivors." — Discharge planning note