meconium aspiration syndrome
Pronunciation: meh-KOH-nee-um as-pir-AY-shun
Respiratory distress caused by inhalation of meconium-stained amniotic fluid, leading to airway obstruction and chemical pneumonitis.
Full Definition
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) occurs when a fetus or newborn inhales meconium-stained amniotic fluid, causing airway obstruction, surfactant dysfunction, and chemical pneumonitis. This condition typically affects term or post-term infants who have experienced perinatal stress. Clinical manifestations include respiratory distress, cyanosis, barrel chest, and potential complications such as pneumothorax, persistent pulmonary hypertension, and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation or ECMO support.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as MAS; describe consistency of meconium when documented.
In Context
- "The term infant developed meconium aspiration syndrome after delivery through thick meconium-stained fluid." — Admission diagnosis
- "Chest X-ray findings were consistent with meconium aspiration syndrome, showing bilateral patchy infiltrates and hyperinflation." — Radiology report