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Tumor Suppressor Gene
Genes that normally prevent uncontrolled cell growth; their loss of function contributes to brain tumor development.
Full Definition
Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally regulate cell division and prevent malignant transformation. In brain tumors, common tumor suppressor genes include TP53, RB1, and PTEN, whose inactivation through mutation, deletion, or methylation contributes to tumorigenesis. Loss of tumor suppressor function is often a key event in the progression from low-grade to high-grade gliomas. Modern molecular classification of brain tumors incorporates tumor suppressor gene status to guide prognosis and treatment decisions.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish clearly from oncogenes, which promote cell growth when activated.
In Context
- "Analysis revealed inactivation of multiple tumor suppressor genes in the high-grade glioma specimen." — Molecular pathology report
- "The patient's tumor showed characteristic tumor suppressor gene alterations associated with poor prognosis." — Tumor board discussion
Also known as
antioncogene
Contrasted with
oncogene
Don't confuse with
oncogene
proto-oncogene