ventriculo-peritoneal shunt
Pronunciation: ven-TRIK-yoo-lo-pair-ih-toh-NEE-al
Also written as: VP — ventriculo-peritoneal
A neurosurgical device that drains cerebrospinal fluid from the brain ventricles to the peritoneal cavity, commonly used to treat hydrocephalus in neuro-oncology patients.
Full Definition
A ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt is a medical device consisting of a catheter system that diverts cerebrospinal fluid from the brain's ventricular system to the peritoneal cavity for absorption. In neuro-oncology, VP shunts are frequently required when brain tumors cause obstructive hydrocephalus by blocking normal CSF circulation pathways. The shunt system includes a ventricular catheter, a valve mechanism to regulate flow and prevent reflux, and a peritoneal catheter for drainage. Common indications include tumors near the fourth ventricle, large posterior fossa masses, or leptomeningeal disease that impairs CSF absorption. Shunt complications can include infection, obstruction, or overdrainage, requiring ongoing surveillance in cancer patients.
Usage
Usage note: VP shunt is standard abbreviation; hyphenation varies in literature.
In Context
- "Progressive hydrocephalus secondary to the fourth ventricular tumor required placement of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt." — Surgical consultation note
- "The patient's ventriculo-peritoneal shunt showed signs of malfunction with recurrent headaches and ventricular dilatation." — Follow-up imaging report