supranuclear gaze palsy
Eye movement disorder affecting voluntary gaze while preserving reflex eye movements, indicating brainstem pathology above nuclear level.
Full Definition
Supranuclear gaze palsy results from lesions affecting the brainstem gaze centers or their connections above the level of the cranial nerve nuclei. Unlike nuclear or infranuclear palsies, supranuclear disorders typically preserve reflex eye movements such as vestibulo-ocular and oculocephalic reflexes while impairing voluntary saccades or pursuit. Common causes include progressive supranuclear palsy, Parkinson's disease, stroke, and neurodegenerative disorders. The condition may affect horizontal, vertical, or combined gaze movements. Diagnosis relies on demonstrating preserved reflex movements in the presence of impaired voluntary gaze, which helps localize the lesion to supranuclear structures.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from nuclear and infranuclear palsies by testing reflex eye movements.
In Context
- "The supranuclear gaze palsy was confirmed by preserved doll's head maneuver despite absent voluntary saccades." — Clinical examination
- "Progressive supranuclear gaze palsy developed over several months in this patient with PSP." — Disease progression note