neurosecretion
Pronunciation: NYUR-oh-se-KREE-shun
The process by which neurons release hormones or neuroactive substances into the bloodstream or extracellular space.
Full Definition
Neurosecretion is a specialized form of cellular secretion where neurons synthesize, transport, and release hormones or bioactive peptides directly into the circulation or local tissue environment. This process differs from classical synaptic transmission in that the released substances act as hormones rather than neurotransmitters, often affecting distant target organs. Neurosecretory cells are characterized by large, dense-core vesicles containing peptide hormones and are found throughout the nervous system, particularly in the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary. The process involves stimulus-secretion coupling, where electrical activity triggers calcium-dependent exocytosis of hormone-containing vesicles.
Usage
Usage note: Fundamental process underlying neuroendocrine system function.
In Context
- "Electron microscopy revealed evidence of active neurosecretion in the hypothalamic tissue sample." — Pathology report
- "The study examined the mechanisms regulating neurosecretion in response to osmotic stress." — Research manuscript