paraganglioma
Pronunciation: pair-uh-GANG-glee-oh-muh
Neuroendocrine tumor arising from paraganglia, extra-adrenal chromaffin tissue that can secrete catecholamines.
Full Definition
Paraganglioma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor that develops from paraganglia, which are clusters of chromaffin cells located outside the adrenal medulla. These tumors can be found in various anatomical locations including the head and neck (carotid body, jugular bulb), thorax, abdomen, and pelvis. Paragangliomas may be functional (secreting catecholamines) or non-functional, with symptoms varying by location and hormone production. Head and neck paragangliomas are typically non-functional, while abdominal paragangliomas more commonly secrete catecholamines. There is a strong genetic component, with approximately 40% associated with hereditary syndromes. Treatment typically involves surgical resection when feasible.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from pheochromocytoma, which specifically refers to adrenal medullary tumors.
In Context
- "MRI revealed a 3-cm retroperitoneal paraganglioma with characteristic hyperintensity on T2-weighted images." — Radiology report
- "Genetic testing was recommended given the patient's bilateral carotid body paragangliomas." — Oncology consultation