Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
Exposed, necrotic bone in the maxilla or mandible that persists for more than 8 weeks in patients with no history of radiation therapy.
Full Definition
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a serious complication characterized by exposed, non-healing bone in the oral cavity lasting more than 8 weeks. Most commonly associated with bisphosphonate therapy or newer antiresorptive medications, ONJ can also result from denosumab treatment or high-dose corticosteroids. The condition typically manifests following dental extractions or trauma but may occur spontaneously. Risk factors include duration of antiresorptive therapy, dental extractions, poor oral hygiene, and concomitant chemotherapy. Prevention strategies include comprehensive dental evaluation before antiresorptive therapy initiation.
Usage
Usage note: Avoid abbreviating as BRONJ when not specifically bisphosphonate-related; use ONJ or MRONJ.
In Context
- "The patient developed osteonecrosis of the jaw six months after extraction while on alendronate therapy." — Case presentation
- "Staging of osteonecrosis of the jaw ranges from Stage 0 (no exposed bone) to Stage 3 (exposed bone with extraoral fistulae)." — Clinical classification system