valgus stress test
A clinical examination maneuver that applies inward stress to assess the integrity of medial knee ligaments.
Full Definition
The valgus stress test is a provocative examination technique used to evaluate the stability of the medial structures of the knee, primarily the medial collateral ligament (MCL). The test is performed with the patient supine, the examiner stabilizing the lateral thigh while applying an inward (valgus) force to the lower leg at both 0° and 30° of knee flexion. Increased medial joint space opening compared to the contralateral side indicates MCL injury, with testing at 30° isolating the MCL and testing at 0° assessing both MCL and posteromedial corner integrity. This test is essential in evaluating acute knee injuries in athletes.
Usage
Usage note: Always test both at 0° and 30° flexion and compare to contralateral side.
In Context
- "The valgus stress test revealed grade II laxity of the MCL with a soft endpoint." — Physical examination
- "Both valgus and varus stress tests were negative, ruling out collateral ligament injury." — Clinical assessment