bronchopulmonary dysplasia
A chronic lung disease of prematurity characterized by abnormal lung development and prolonged oxygen dependence.
Full Definition
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common chronic lung disease in premature infants, resulting from injury to the developing lung from mechanical ventilation, oxygen toxicity, and inflammation. The condition is characterized by arrested alveolar and vascular development, leading to long-term respiratory insufficiency. BPD significantly impacts growth, neurodevelopment, and increases the risk of pulmonary hypertension. Management includes optimized nutrition, careful fluid balance, and bronchodilators, with some patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation or tracheostomy.
Usage
Usage note: BPD is acceptable after first use. Specify severity (mild, moderate, severe) based on oxygen requirements.
In Context
- "The extremely premature infant developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia requiring long-term ventilatory support." — NICU discharge summary
- "BPD management focused on lung-protective ventilation strategies and optimal nutrition." — Pulmonology consultation