intestinal adaptation
Natural process by which remaining small bowel compensates for lost intestinal length and function.
Full Definition
A physiological process that occurs following small bowel resection, characterized by structural and functional changes in the remaining intestine to compensate for the loss of absorptive surface area. This adaptation includes villous hyperplasia, increased crypt depth, bowel wall thickening, and enhanced enzyme activity. The process is most pronounced in pediatric patients and can continue for months to years following resection. Factors that promote adaptation include enteral nutrition, certain hormones (like GLP-2), and optimal medical management. Understanding this process is crucial for managing patients with short bowel syndrome and determining the need for surgical interventions or intestinal transplantation.
Usage
Usage note: Distinct from surgical interventions; refers to natural physiological process.
In Context
- "The patient showed excellent intestinal adaptation over six months, allowing weaning from parenteral nutrition." — Follow-up assessment
- "Promoting intestinal adaptation is a key goal in the management of pediatric short bowel syndrome." — Treatment guidelines