spherocytosis

Full Definition

A disorder characterized by the presence of spherocytes—red blood cells that have lost their characteristic biconcave shape and appear spherical on blood smear. Hereditary spherocytosis is the most common inherited cause of hemolytic anemia in people of Northern European descent. The condition results from defects in red blood cell membrane proteins, leading to membrane instability, splenic sequestration, and hemolysis. Diagnosis is confirmed through specialized tests including osmotic fragility testing.

Usage

Usage note: Distinguish the condition from spherocytes, which are the abnormal cells themselves.

In Context

• "The peripheral blood smear revealed spherocytosis with increased osmotic fragility." — Laboratory report
• "Family history and spherocytosis findings suggested hereditary spherocytosis requiring splenectomy consideration." — Genetic counseling note