cervical adenitis
Pronunciation: SER-vih-kal ad-eh-NY-tis
Inflammation and enlargement of cervical lymph nodes, commonly caused by bacterial or viral infections in children.
Full Definition
Cervical adenitis refers to acute inflammation of the lymph nodes in the neck region, presenting as painful, enlarged, and often erythematous cervical lymph nodes. This condition is particularly common in pediatric patients and can be caused by various infectious agents including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes (most common bacterial causes), Epstein-Barr virus, or atypical mycobacteria. Bacterial cervical adenitis typically presents with rapid onset of painful, warm, erythematous nodes, often with overlying skin changes. Viral causes tend to produce bilateral, less tender adenopathy. Complications can include abscess formation or cellulitis of the overlying skin. Treatment depends on the suspected etiology, with bacterial cases requiring antibiotic therapy and potential surgical drainage if abscesses develop.
Usage
Usage note: Specify laterality (unilateral vs bilateral) and presence of overlying skin changes.
In Context
- "The child presented with acute cervical adenitis with erythema and warmth overlying the enlarged lymph node." — Pediatric emergency department note
- "Bilateral cervical adenitis was noted in conjunction with viral upper respiratory symptoms." — Primary care documentation