ECMO cannulation
Imaging-guided placement of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation catheters for cardiac or respiratory support in critically ill children.
Full Definition
The process of placing large-bore vascular catheters under imaging guidance to establish extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in pediatric patients with severe cardiac or respiratory failure. Venovenous ECMO typically involves cannulation of the right internal jugular vein, while venoarterial ECMO requires both venous and arterial access. Radiologists play a crucial role in pre-procedural vascular assessment, real-time procedural guidance, and post-procedural imaging to confirm appropriate catheter positioning and assess for complications such as vascular injury or cannula malposition.
Usage
Usage note: ECMO is always capitalized as it is an acronym; cannulation specifically refers to the catheter placement procedure.
In Context
- "Ultrasound-guided ECMO cannulation was performed with successful placement of the venous cannula in the right atrium." — Interventional pediatric radiology report
- "Post-procedural chest radiograph confirmed appropriate positioning of both ECMO cannulas without evidence of pneumothorax." — Post-procedure imaging report