Extracorporeal Life Support
Also written as: ECLS — Extracorporeal Life Support
Advanced life support technique providing cardiac and/or pulmonary support through external circulation, commonly known as ECMO.
Full Definition
Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS), more commonly referred to as ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation), is a sophisticated form of life support that provides temporary cardiac and/or pulmonary assistance through external circulation. The system removes blood from the patient, oxygenates it through an artificial membrane, removes carbon dioxide, and returns it to the circulation. In pediatric surgery, ECLS is utilized for conditions such as severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia, cardiac surgery complications, and respiratory failure refractory to conventional support. The technique requires specialized cannulation procedures and intensive monitoring by trained teams. ECLS serves as a bridge to recovery, transplantation, or other definitive interventions.
Usage
Usage note: ECMO is the more commonly used term in clinical practice.
In Context
- "The neonate with severe CDH was placed on venovenous ECLS for respiratory support." — ICU progress note
- "Extracorporeal life support was initiated following failed conventional ventilatory management." — Critical care consultation