Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome
Also written as: TIS — Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome
Condition where thoracic spine and chest wall deformities impair lung growth and respiratory function in children.
Full Definition
Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome (TIS) is a condition characterized by the inability of the thorax to support normal respiratory function or lung growth due to congenital or acquired abnormalities of the spine, ribs, or chest wall. Common causes include early-onset scoliosis, congenital rib fusions, thoracic vertebral anomalies, and severe pectus deformities. The condition results in restrictive lung disease with impaired pulmonary development, particularly concerning in growing children where normal thoracic expansion is crucial for lung growth. Treatment is complex and may involve growth-friendly spinal instrumentation, rib-based distraction systems, or chest wall reconstruction. The goal is to restore thoracic volume and allow for continued lung development while addressing the underlying skeletal abnormalities.
Usage
Usage note: TIS is a relatively new term coined to describe this complex condition.
In Context
- "The patient's thoracic insufficiency syndrome required placement of vertical expandable prosthetic titanium ribs." — Surgical consultation note
- "Pulmonary function testing revealed severe restriction consistent with thoracic insufficiency syndrome." — Pulmonology evaluation