twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome
Also written as: TTTS — Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Complication of monochorionic twin pregnancies where blood flow is unevenly distributed between fetuses.
Full Definition
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a serious complication that affects approximately 15% of monochorionic twin pregnancies. It occurs when blood flows unevenly through vascular connections in the shared placenta, causing one twin (the donor) to become anemic and growth-restricted while the other (the recipient) becomes polycythemic and may develop heart failure. The donor twin develops oligohydramnios due to decreased urine production, while the recipient twin develops polyhydramnios from increased urine output. TTTS is staged using the Quintero staging system based on severity. Treatment options include amnioreduction, laser ablation of placental vessels, or selective reduction in severe cases.
Usage
Usage note: Severity is classified using the Quintero staging system (stages I-V).
In Context
- "Stage III twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome was diagnosed at 22 weeks gestation." — Maternal-fetal medicine assessment
- "Laser ablation therapy was recommended for the severe twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome." — Treatment planning