exercise-induced coronary vasospasm
Temporary narrowing or closure of coronary arteries triggered by physical exertion, potentially causing chest pain or cardiac events in athletes.
Full Definition
A condition where coronary arteries undergo spasm during or after exercise, leading to temporary reduction in coronary blood flow. This phenomenon can occur in athletes with otherwise normal coronary anatomy and may manifest as exercise-induced chest pain, electrocardiographic changes, or in severe cases, cardiac events. The vasospasm may be triggered by various factors including cold exposure, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, or use of certain substances. Sports cardiologists must consider this diagnosis in athletes presenting with exercise-related symptoms, particularly when standard coronary angiography appears normal. Treatment typically involves calcium channel blockers and identification of triggering factors, with sport modifications based on symptom severity and response to therapy.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from fixed coronary stenosis by emphasizing the dynamic, exercise-triggered nature.
In Context
- "The runner's exercise-induced chest pain was attributed to exercise-induced coronary vasospasm after normal angiography." — Cardiac catheterization report
- "Cold weather training may precipitate exercise-induced coronary vasospasm in susceptible athletes." — Sports medicine safety guidelines