Cardiothoracic Surgery Glossary

Accumulation of blood in the pleural space, typically following trauma or surgical procedures.

A valve or vascular conduit harvested from a human donor, used for cardiac or vascular reconstruction.

Intra-aortic balloon pump, a mechanical circulatory support device that augments coronary perfusion and reduces cardiac...

Abnormal thickening of the inner arterial wall layer, commonly occurring at surgical anastomoses and contributing to gra...

Transesophageal echocardiography performed during cardiac surgery for real-time monitoring.

Left internal mammary artery, the preferred arterial conduit for coronary bypass grafting.

Surgical removal of an entire lobe of the lung, typically performed for lung cancer treatment.

The internal thoracic artery commonly used as a conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting, particularly to the left an...

Systematic removal of lymph nodes from the mediastinum during thoracic cancer surgery for staging and treatment.

Displacement of mediastinal structures from their normal midline position, often indicating underlying pathology.

Minimally invasive procedure to examine and biopsy lymph nodes in the mediastinum.

Cardiac procedures performed through smaller incisions than traditional median sternotomy.

Mitral valve surgery performed through smaller incisions using specialized techniques and instruments.

A surgical procedure to restore function of the mitral valve rather than replacing it entirely.

Surgical removal of a portion of heart muscle, typically performed to relieve obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy...

Techniques used during cardiac surgery to preserve heart muscle function while the heart is stopped and bloodless.

Surgical restoration of blood flow to areas of heart muscle affected by coronary artery disease.

Temporary myocardial dysfunction that persists after restoration of blood flow following ischemia.

Coronary artery bypass surgery performed on the beating heart without cardiopulmonary bypass support.

Fibrous tissue overgrowth that can obstruct prosthetic heart valves or interfere with cardiac function.

Abnormal blood flow around the periphery of a prosthetic heart valve due to incomplete sealing.

The driving pressure that determines blood flow through tissues during cardiopulmonary bypass or organ perfusion.

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space surrounding the heart, which may impair cardiac filling.

A harsh, grating sound heard on auscultation caused by inflamed pericardial surfaces rubbing together.