Dental Research Glossary
105 terms total — 24 showing — Last updated 15 Sep 2026
Crossover Study Design
A clinical trial design in which each participant receives two or more treatments in sequence, serving as their own control, commonly used in dental intervention studies to reduce inter-subject variability.
Periodontal Maintenance Therapy
A programme of regular professional oral hygiene procedures and monitoring provided to patients following active periodo...
Periodontal Phenotype
The clinically observable morphological characteristics of the periodontium, encompassing gingival tissue thickness, ker...
Periodontal Probing Depth
The measured distance from the gingival margin to the base of the periodontal pocket, recorded in millimetres using a ca...
Periodontal Staging and Grading
The 2017 World Workshop classification framework for characterising the severity (stage) and rate of progression (grade)...
PICO
An acronym for Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome; a structured framework used to formulate research ques...
Plaque Index
A scored clinical measure used to quantify the amount of dental plaque present on tooth surfaces, commonly used as an ou...
PMT
Abbreviation for Periodontal Maintenance Therapy, the long-term supportive recall programme for patients following activ...
PPD
Abbreviation for Probing Pocket Depth, a millimetre measurement from the gingival margin to the base of the periodontal...
PRISMA
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; a reporting guideline providing a minimum set of ite...
Probing Pocket Depth
The distance measured in millimetres from the gingival margin to the base of the sulcus or periodontal pocket using a ca...
Pulp Capping
A dental procedure in which a material is placed directly or indirectly over exposed or nearly exposed dental pulp to pr...
Pulp Necrosis
The death of the dental pulp tissue, resulting in loss of vitality and sensory function of the tooth.
Pulp Vitality Test
A clinical diagnostic procedure used to assess the neurovascular status of the dental pulp, typically by applying a ther...
Radiographic Bone Level
A standardised linear measurement of alveolar bone height assessed from a dental radiograph, used as an outcome variable...
Randomised Controlled Trial
A prospective experimental study design in which participants are allocated by chance to intervention or control groups...
Recall Interval
The scheduled period between routine dental examination or maintenance appointments, used as an independent variable in...
Remineralisation
The process by which mineral ions, primarily calcium and phosphate, are redeposited into demineralised enamel or dentin,...
RSD
Abbreviation for Root Surface Debridement, the mechanical cleaning of subgingival root surfaces to remove bacterial depo...
Saliva Substitutes
Artificial preparations formulated to mimic the lubricating and protective properties of natural saliva, used in the man...
Salivary Buffering Capacity
The ability of saliva to neutralise acids produced by cariogenic bacteria, thereby resisting a drop in plaque and saliva...
SBI
Acronym for Sulcus Bleeding Index, a clinical scoring system quantifying gingival inflammation via bleeding response wit...
Sialometry
The clinical measurement of salivary flow rate, conducted under standardised conditions to assess salivary gland functio...
Split-Mouth Design
A clinical trial design in which different interventions are applied to contralateral or otherwise comparable sites with...
STROBE
Acronym for Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology, a reporting guideline checklist used t...