craniopharyngioma
A benign tumor arising from embryonic remnants of Rathke's pouch, typically located in the sellar and suprasellar regions.
Full Definition
Craniopharyngioma is a benign but locally aggressive tumor that develops from remnants of Rathke's pouch, an embryonic structure that gives rise to the anterior pituitary gland. These tumors have a bimodal age distribution, occurring in children and adults aged 50-70 years. They are characterized by their location in the sellar/suprasellar region and potential for causing visual field defects, endocrine dysfunction, and hypothalamic symptoms. Two histological subtypes exist: adamantinomatous (more common in children) and papillary (more common in adults). Treatment involves surgical resection when possible, with radiation therapy reserved for recurrent or residual disease due to proximity to critical structures.
Usage
Usage note: Specify histological subtype when known.
In Context
- "The adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma showed characteristic calcifications on CT." — Radiology report
- "Post-operative endocrine replacement therapy is often required after craniopharyngioma resection." — Post-operative care plan