Neuroinformatics Glossary

Apparent diffusion coefficient map, a quantitative image showing water diffusion rates in brain tissue.

Analysis of Functional NeuroImages software package for processing and analyzing neuroimaging data.

Directional dependence of tissue properties, particularly in white matter tracts where water diffusion is restricted alo...

Advanced Normalization Tools software package for image registration and segmentation.

Preprocessing procedure to identify and remove contaminated data segments caused by non-neural sources such as eye movem...

Arterial spin labeling, a non-invasive MRI technique for measuring cerebral blood flow using magnetically labeled arteri...

Process of aligning individual brain images to a standardized anatomical template or atlas.

A parameter in diffusion MRI that determines the strength and duration of diffusion-weighting gradients.

A signal processing technique that retains frequencies within a specified range while removing those outside it.

Parameter estimates from statistical models representing magnitude of activation or effect size.

Standardized format for organizing and describing neuroimaging datasets.

A measurable biological indicator of normal or pathological processes in neurological conditions.

Systematic process of establishing the reliability, reproducibility, and clinical relevance of neuroimaging-derived biom...

Signal measured in fMRI that reflects changes in blood oxygenation as a proxy for neural activity.

Commercial software package for neuroimaging data analysis and visualization.

MRI technique that reduces signal from cerebrospinal fluid to enhance visualization of brain tissue and pathology.

The spatial size of a contiguous group of activated voxels, typically measured in number of voxels or volume.

A comprehensive map of neural connections within a nervous system.

Systematic method for dividing the cerebral cortex into distinct anatomical or functional regions based on predefined cr...

The cellular organization and arrangement of neurons within different brain regions.

Standard format for storing and transmitting medical imaging data including neuroimaging.

MRI technique that measures water diffusion to assess white matter microstructure.

Diffusion-weighted imaging, an MRI technique that measures water molecule movement to assess tissue microstructure.

The time interval between radiofrequency excitation and signal readout in MRI pulse sequences.