Neuropsychiatry Glossary

A structured psychotherapy approach focusing on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors.

Variability in cognitive performance and alertness levels that changes throughout the day or over time periods.

The simultaneous presence of two or more medical or psychiatric conditions in a patient.

Production of false or distorted memories without intention to deceive, often associated with memory disorders.

False belief about the identity of familiar people, places, or objects, commonly seen in dementia and psychiatric condit...

A form of thought disorder characterized by loosely associated ideas that shift from one topic to another without logica...

Loss of normal behavioral restraint resulting in socially inappropriate or impulsive actions, often seen in frontal lobe...

The current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders used for psychiatric diagnosis.

Involuntary muscle contractions causing sustained twisting movements or abnormal postures, often medication-induced.

Non-cerebral electrical activity that appears on electroencephalogram recordings, potentially mimicking pathological fin...

A diagnostic test that measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes placed on the scalp.

Higher-order cognitive processes including working memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control.

Movement disorders caused by antipsychotic medications affecting the extrapyramidal motor system.

A thought disorder characterized by rapid succession of ideas with logical connections but frequent topic changes.

Brain imaging techniques that measure brain activity and function rather than just structure.

A cholinesterase inhibitor medication used to treat mild to moderate dementia in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dement...

Standardized assessment tool measuring consciousness level through eye, verbal, and motor responses.

Vivid, often frightening sensory experiences occurring at the transition from wakefulness to sleep.

Vivid sensory experiences occurring during the transition from sleep to wakefulness, often accompanying sleep paralysis.

The 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases, including updated neuropsychiatric diagnostic codes.

Relating to or occurring during a seizure episode.

Inability to perform learned motor tasks on command despite understanding the request and having intact motor function.

Relating to the period between seizures in patients with epilepsy.

A neurobiological phenomenon where repeated subthreshold stimuli eventually lead to seizures or mood episodes.