ototoxicity
Pronunciation: OH-toh-tox-ISS-ih-tee
Hearing loss or vestibular dysfunction caused by chemotherapy agents, particularly platinum compounds and aminoglycosides.
Full Definition
Ototoxicity refers to damage to the eighth cranial nerve or inner ear structures resulting in hearing loss, tinnitus, or vestibular dysfunction. In pediatric oncology, it is most commonly associated with platinum-based chemotherapy agents (cisplatin, carboplatin) and certain antibiotics used for infection management (gentamicin, amikacin). The toxicity typically affects high-frequency hearing first and can be progressive and irreversible. Children are particularly susceptible due to ongoing auditory development and may experience significant impact on speech, language development, and academic performance. Prevention strategies include audiometric monitoring, dose modification, and the use of potentially protective agents like sodium thiosulfate. Early detection through baseline and serial audiometry is crucial for implementing interventions.
Usage
Usage note: Particularly important in pediatric patients due to impact on development; requires ongoing monitoring and potential intervention.
In Context
- "Serial audiometry revealed progressive ototoxicity requiring cisplatin dose reduction." — Oncology follow-up note
- "The patient developed bilateral high-frequency hearing loss consistent with platinum ototoxicity." — Audiology consultation