Pediatric Oncology Glossary

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, a type of T-cell lymphoma that can occur in pediatric patients.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most common childhood cancer affecting white blood cells.

Acute myeloid leukemia, a blood cancer affecting myeloid cells that requires different treatment than ALL.

Describing cells or tissue that lack normal cellular organization and differentiation, indicating aggressive behavior.

The standard staging system for lymphomas based on anatomic extent of disease and presence of constitutional symptoms.

Heart muscle damage caused by anthracycline chemotherapy drugs, leading to reduced cardiac function.

Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor, a rare and aggressive brain tumor occurring predominantly in very young children.

Constitutional symptoms including fever, night sweats, and weight loss that affect lymphoma staging and prognosis.

Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster treatment protocol, a widely used chemotherapy regimen for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukem...

An immature blood cell that has undergone malignant transformation in leukemia.

An acute phase of chronic myeloid leukemia characterized by rapid proliferation of immature cells and clinical deteriora...

A malignant tumor arising from primitive or embryonic tissue, commonly seen in pediatric patients.

A bispecific T-cell engager antibody that simultaneously binds CD19 on B-cells and CD3 on T-cells to treat B-cell acute...

An aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by rapid growth and specific chromosomal translocations.

A rare pediatric kidney tumor with characteristic clear cell appearance and aggressive behavior.

Immunotherapy using genetically modified patient T-cells engineered to recognize and attack specific cancer cell surface...

A potentially fatal condition in neonates and infants caused by chloramphenicol toxicity due to immature hepatic metabol...

A solid tumor mass composed of myeloid cells, also known as granulocytic sarcoma or myeloid sarcoma.

A chemotherapy regimen using cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (hydroxydaunorubicin), vincristine (Oncovin), and prednisone...

Preventive treatment to the central nervous system to prevent leukemia or lymphoma cells from establishing sanctuary sit...

Children's Oncology Group, the primary cooperative research organization for pediatric cancer in North America.

High-dose chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy given before stem cell transplantation to eliminate diseased cells and s...

Intensive treatment phase following remission induction, designed to eliminate residual cancer cells.

A benign but clinically challenging brain tumor arising near the pituitary gland, commonly causing endocrine dysfunction...