Clinical Neurophysiology Glossary

A cardiac rhythm originating from the atrioventricular junction when the sinus node fails to pace effectively.

Large amplitude biphasic waves occurring in NREM sleep, representing normal sleep architecture and arousal responses.

A neurophysiological phenomenon where repeated low-intensity electrical stimulation progressively lowers seizure thresho...

A positive sharp transient occurring over occipital regions during visual scanning and saccadic eye movements.

The time delay between stimulus application and the recorded neurophysiological response.

Secondary epileptic focus that develops in the hemisphere opposite to an established primary focus.

The specific arrangement and combination of electrode connections used in EEG recording and display.

The electrical waveform recorded from a single motor unit during needle EMG examination, reflecting the activity of all...

Multiple Sleep Latency Test; standardized assessment measuring the tendency to fall asleep during daytime conditions.

A distinctive EEG pattern of 8-13 Hz activity over sensorimotor cortex that blocks with movement or tactile stimulation.

Continuous muscle fiber activity producing undulating, rippling movements visible on the skin surface and characteristic...

A neurophysiological test that measures the speed and strength of electrical signals traveling through peripheral nerves...

Continuous muscle fiber activity originating from peripheral nerve hyperexcitability, producing characteristic EMG patte...

A medical specialist who interprets neurophysiological tests and studies nervous system function.

Pattern electroretinogram; a specialized ERG technique using patterned visual stimuli to assess retinal ganglion cell fu...

Abnormal EEG pattern showing rhythmic epileptiform activity occurring at regular intervals over one brain hemisphere.

EEG phenomenon where waveforms change polarity across adjacent electrodes, indicating the location of electrical activit...

A normal EEG response where brain waves synchronize to the frequency of repetitive light stimulation during photic stimu...

An abnormal EEG response to intermittent photic stimulation characterized by spike-wave discharges.

Periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges; repetitive sharp waves or spikes occurring at regular intervals, typically...

Repetitive, involuntary leg movements during sleep characterized by dorsiflexion of the foot and extension of the big to...

Motor unit potential with multiple phases, indicating muscle fiber desynchronization or reinnervation changes.

A comprehensive sleep study that simultaneously records multiple physiological parameters during sleep.

Period of reduced EEG activity immediately following a seizure, indicating neuronal exhaustion.