Pediatric Pulmonology Glossary
103 terms total — 12 showing — Last updated 15 Sep 2026
Lung Clearance Index LCI
A measure of ventilation inhomogeneity derived from multiple-breath washout testing, reflecting how efficiently a gas (typically nitrogen or sulfur hexafluoride) is cleared from the lungs.
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
A hypersensitivity disorder caused by an immunological reaction to Aspergillus species colonising the bronchial mucosa,...
Asthma Predictive Index
A validated clinical tool used in pediatric pulmonology to estimate the likelihood that recurrent wheezing in early chil...
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
A birth defect where abdominal organs herniate into the chest cavity through a diaphragmatic opening.
cystic fibrosis
An inherited disorder affecting the lungs and digestive system through abnormal mucus production.
exhaled nitric oxide
A biomarker of eosinophilic airway inflammation measured in parts per billion in exhaled breath, used to guide diagnosis...
hypoxic-ischemic injury
Lung damage resulting from inadequate oxygen delivery and blood flow, particularly in neonates.
inhaled corticosteroid
A topically acting anti-inflammatory steroid drug delivered by inhalation to reduce airway inflammation in pediatric ast...
Paediatric Pulmonary Hypertension
A haemodynamic condition in children defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure exceeding 20 mmHg at rest, encompassi...
pulmonary surfactant protein deficiency
Rare genetic disorder affecting surfactant protein production, causing severe neonatal and childhood respiratory disease...
raised-volume rapid thoracic compression
An infant lung function maneuver in which the lungs are inflated to a standardised pressure before a jacket rapidly comp...
subglottic stenosis
Narrowing of the airway below the vocal cords, either congenital or acquired, causing stridor and breathing difficulties...
surfactant deficiency
A condition in premature infants where insufficient lung surfactant leads to respiratory distress syndrome.