Cognitive Neurology Glossary

Measurable substances in CSF that indicate pathological processes in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly useful in...

Speech pattern where patients use roundabout descriptions instead of specific words they cannot access.

The brain's resilience to neuropathological damage through efficient networks and cognitive strategies.

Production of false or distorted memories without deliberate intent to deceive.

The inability to copy, draw, or construct two- or three-dimensional figures despite adequate motor and visual function.

A surgical procedure that severs the corpus callosum to treat severe, medically refractory epilepsy.

Complete or partial loss of vision due to bilateral damage to the primary visual cortex, despite normal eye and optic ne...

Dementia primarily affecting cerebral cortex functions like language, memory, and executive abilities.

A neuropsychological test measuring working memory capacity by assessing recall of number sequences.

A constellation of cognitive and behavioral symptoms resulting from interruption of white matter pathways connecting dif...

Motor speech disorder affecting articulation due to weakness or paralysis of speech muscles.

Specific learning disorder affecting mathematical abilities and number processing, distinct from general cognitive impai...

Neurological disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions causing abnormal postures and movements.

Automatic repetition of words or phrases just heard, often seen in autism, dementia, and certain neurological conditions...

The involuntary mimicking or imitation of another person's movements or gestures.

A condition where patients compulsively interact with objects in their environment without appropriate inhibition.

Impairment in higher-order cognitive processes including planning, decision-making, and cognitive flexibility.

Rare neurological condition where patients develop what sounds like a foreign accent following brain injury, despite no...

A group of neurodegenerative disorders primarily affecting the frontal and temporal lobes, causing changes in behavior,...

A neuropsychological syndrome comprising four core deficits: finger agnosia, left-right disorientation, agraphia, and ac...

Neurological phenomenon where letters and numbers consistently trigger automatic perception of specific colors, represen...

Loss of vision in half of the visual field in one or both eyes.

Violent, involuntary flinging movements affecting one side of the body, typically from subthalamic nucleus lesions.

Neurological condition where patients fail to attend to or report stimuli on one side of space, typically the left side...