Gastrointestinal Surgery Glossary

Microscopic examination of peritoneal fluid for malignant cells during abdominal surgery.

Irrigation of the peritoneal cavity with saline solution for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

Radiographic finding of gas within the bowel wall, often associated with necrotizing enterocolitis or ischemia.

Presence of air or gas within the peritoneal cavity, either pathological or surgically induced.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy, a minimally invasive endoscopic procedure to treat achalasia.

Surgical removal of both the rectum and colon, typically performed for inflammatory bowel disease or familial adenomatou...

Full-thickness rupture of the pyloric or duodenal wall, typically from peptic ulcer disease requiring emergent surgical...

Surgical division of the pyloric muscle to treat pyloric stenosis, most commonly performed in infants.

Surgical procedure to widen the pyloric opening, often performed with vagotomy for peptic ulcer disease.

Surgical division of pyloric muscle fibers to treat hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in infants.

Surgical reconstruction creating a Y-shaped anastomosis using a jejunal limb.

Physical examination finding where palpation of the left lower quadrant produces pain in the right lower quadrant, sugge...

Surgical suture technique that incorporates the serosal and muscular layers while avoiding mucosal penetration.

Malabsorption condition resulting from extensive small bowel resection or congenital bowel defects.

Single-incision laparoscopic surgery using one small abdominal incision for multiple instruments.

Endorectal pull-through technique for Hirschsprung disease that preserves the rectal muscle cuff.

Anatomical bend of the colon between the transverse and descending segments, near the spleen.

Surgical technique involving division of peritoneal attachments to free the left colic flexure from the spleen and diaph...

Serial transverse enteroplasty, a surgical technique to lengthen and widen short gut in pediatric patients.

A bowel-preserving surgical technique that widens intestinal strictures without removing bowel segments.

Transanal endorectal pull-through, a minimally invasive approach for treating Hirschsprung disease.

Tracheoesophageal fistula; abnormal connection between the trachea and esophagus, often congenital.

Surgical repair technique using prosthetic material to avoid tension on native tissues.

Complete surgical removal of the rectum and surrounding mesorectal tissue envelope.