Neuromuscular Medicine Glossary

Continuous muscle contractions due to peripheral nerve hyperexcitability, often associated with voltage-gated potassium...

A group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders characterized by accumulation of lipofuscin-like material, often presen...

Disease or dysfunction of peripheral nerves causing weakness, numbness, or pain.

A localized form of myasthenia gravis affecting only the extraocular muscles and eyelids.

Inflammatory muscle disease causing proximal muscle weakness and elevated muscle enzymes.

An EMG motor unit potential with five or more phases, often indicating muscle fiber dropout or temporal dispersion withi...

Spontaneous electrical discharge from denervated muscle fibers with characteristic initial positive deflection.

An EMG pattern that resembles myotonic discharge but lacks the characteristic frequency and amplitude variation, often s...

Drooping of the upper eyelid, often indicating neuromuscular junction or cranial nerve pathology.

Anticholinesterase medication used as first-line symptomatic treatment for myasthenia gravis by improving neuromuscular...

The orderly activation and firing pattern of motor units during voluntary muscle contraction assessed by EMG.

Large-amplitude, long-duration, polyphasic motor unit potentials indicating sprouting and reinnervation of denervated mu...

Electrophysiological test using repeated nerve stimulation to detect neuromuscular junction disorders.

Rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue releasing toxic cellular contents into the bloodstream.

A pathological muscle fiber feature consisting of vacuoles with basophilic rims, characteristic of inclusion body myosit...

Intracellular calcium release channel in muscle. Mutations cause specific myopathies and malignant hyperthermia suscepti...

The plasma membrane surrounding individual muscle fibers, critical for excitation-contraction coupling.

Quiescent muscle stem cells that activate during muscle injury to facilitate repair and regeneration, important in under...

Single-fiber electromyography; specialized technique recording individual muscle fiber action potentials to assess neuro...

Sensory nerve action potential measured in nerve conduction studies to assess sensory nerve function.

Genetic neuromuscular disorder caused by motor neuron degeneration, leading to progressive muscle weakness and atrophy.

Electrical nerve stimulation intensity that is 20-30% above the level needed to achieve maximum compound motor action po...

Broadening and distortion of CMAP waveform due to differential slowing of individual nerve fibers.

Diagnostic procedure using edrophonium chloride injection to temporarily improve weakness in suspected myasthenia gravis...