Pediatric Pulmonology Glossary

A birth defect where abdominal organs herniate into the chest cavity through a diaphragmatic opening.

Developmental abnormality causing progressive overdistention of one or more pulmonary lobes in infants.

Continuous positive airway pressure ventilation used to support spontaneous breathing in infants with respiratory distre...

An acute upper respiratory illness in young children, typically caused by parainfluenza virus, characterised by a barkin...

An inherited disorder affecting the lungs and digestive system through abnormal mucus production.

An acute, potentially life-threatening infection causing inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis and supraglottic st...

A biomarker of eosinophilic airway inflammation measured in parts per billion in exhaled breath, used to guide diagnosis...

A life-support technique that provides cardiac and respiratory support using an external artificial lung.

Planned removal of an endotracheal tube when mechanical ventilation is no longer required or transitioning to non-invasi...

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second, a key spirometry measurement indicating airway obstruction when reduced in pediatr...

A minimally invasive endoscopic procedure using a thin, flexible fiberoptic scope to visually examine the airways from t...

A graphical representation of airflow (y-axis) plotted against lung volume (x-axis) during a maximal forced expiratory a...

The total volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled from the lungs after a maximal inhalation, measured during spirom...

The volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a passive, tidal exhalation, representing the resting equilibrium...

Audible expiratory sound produced by partial closure of the glottis, indicating respiratory distress.

A specialized ventilation technique using very small tidal volumes at high frequencies for critically ill infants.

Elevated levels of carbon dioxide in arterial blood, typically above 45 mmHg, indicating inadequate ventilation.

An immune-mediated inflammatory lung disease caused by repeated inhalation of antigenic organic particles or low-molecul...

Abnormally low partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood, indicating impaired pulmonary gas exchange.

Lung damage resulting from inadequate oxygen delivery and blood flow, particularly in neonates.

A forced oscillation technique that superimposes small-amplitude pressure oscillations on tidal breathing to measure res...

Specialised respiratory function measurements performed in infants, typically under sedation, using equipment scaled to...

A topically acting anti-inflammatory steroid drug delivered by inhalation to reduce airway inflammation in pediatric ast...

Maximum volume of air a person can inhale after a normal expiration, combining tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volu...