Child Neurology Glossary

Chaotic, high-voltage EEG pattern associated with infantile spasms and West syndrome.

Occurring during a seizure event.

An age-specific epileptic encephalopathy featuring brief axial muscle contractions, developmental regression, and hypsar...

Decreased muscle tone in infants, presenting as floppiness or reduced resistance to passive movement, often called 'flop...

A specific type of seizure characterized by sudden flexion or extension movements occurring in clusters, typically in th...

Occurring between seizures, describing the period when a patient is not actively seizing.

Abnormal electrical activity recorded on EEG between seizures that suggests epileptic potential.

Epilepsy that remains uncontrolled despite adequate trials of multiple appropriate antiepileptic medications.

A high-fat, low-carbohydrate therapeutic diet used to treat medically refractory epilepsy in children.

The mathematical ratio of fats to carbohydrates plus proteins in the ketogenic diet, typically expressed as grams of fat...

Epilepsy syndromes that predominantly affect language development and function, such as Landau-Kleffner syndrome.

Severe childhood epilepsy syndrome characterized by multiple seizure types, intellectual disability, and distinctive EEG...

A rare neurological condition characterized by abnormal brain development resulting in a smooth cerebral surface with fe...

A diagnostic procedure in which a needle is inserted into the spinal canal to collect cerebrospinal fluid for analysis.

A neuroimaging technique that measures magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in the brain.

Magnetoencephalography, a neuroimaging technique that measures magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in the br...

A condition where a baby's head circumference is significantly smaller than expected for age and sex.

Brief, sudden, involuntary muscle jerks that can occur in various neurological conditions including epilepsy.

Seizures occurring in newborns within the first 28 days of life, often presenting with subtle clinical manifestations.

A group of birth defects affecting the brain, spine, or spinal cord that occur when the neural tube fails to close prope...

Genetic disorders affecting both nervous system and skin development, often presenting with characteristic skin lesions...

A condition characterized by impaired development of the nervous system, affecting cognition, behavior, motor skills, or...

Medical imaging techniques used to visualize brain structure and function, essential for diagnosing pediatric neurologic...

A group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, vision loss, and seizur...