Pediatric Infectious Disease Glossary

Common viral infection causing vesicular lesions on hands, feet, and mouth, typically caused by coxsackievirus.

A small-vessel vasculitis causing characteristic purpuric rash on the lower extremities, often accompanied by arthritis,...

A viral syndrome characterized by sudden onset of fever and painful vesicular lesions in the posterior pharynx and soft...

Henoch-Schönlein purpura, an IgA-mediated small vessel vasculitis affecting children.

Patient with impaired immune system function at increased risk for opportunistic infections.

Superficial bacterial skin infection characterized by honey-crusted lesions, most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aure...

Telescoping of one bowel segment into another, causing intestinal obstruction and potential ischemia.

Serious infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae involving normally sterile sites, including meningitis, bacteremia,...

Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy used in pediatric infectious diseases for immunomodulation and passive immunization.

Acute febrile vasculitis syndrome in children under 5, requiring specific diagnostic criteria and urgent treatment to pr...

Small white or bluish-white spots with reddish halos on the buccal mucosa, pathognomonic for measles.

Diagnostic procedure involving insertion of needle into spinal canal to obtain cerebrospinal fluid for analysis.

Abnormal enlargement of lymph nodes, often indicating infection, malignancy, or autoimmune disease in pediatric patients...

Bacterial resistance to erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin, particularly problematic in Streptococcus pneumo...

Bacterial infection of the mastoid air cells, typically a complication of acute otitis media requiring urgent antibiotic...

Inflammation of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord, requiring urgent diagnosis and treatment in pediatri...

Viral skin infection causing characteristic umbilicated papules, common in children and immunocompromised patients.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, requiring specific antibiotic coverage and infection control precautions in...

Serious gastrointestinal condition primarily affecting premature infants, characterized by intestinal inflammation and n...

Conjunctival inflammation in newborns within first month of life, requiring urgent evaluation for infectious causes.

Herpes simplex virus infection in newborns, potentially causing localized skin lesions, central nervous system disease,...

Severe infection in newborns within first 28 days of life, classified as early-onset or late-onset.

Fever occurring in a patient with dangerously low neutrophil counts, representing a medical emergency requiring immediat...

Bacterial bloodstream infection in febrile children without obvious clinical focus of infection.