Neonatal Intensive Care Glossary

A life-support technique that provides cardiac and respiratory support to critically ill neonates by circulating blood o...

Extremely low birth weight - birth weight less than 1000 grams (2.2 pounds).

Procedure removing infant's blood while simultaneously replacing it with donor blood to treat severe hyperbilirubinemia.

A classification for infants born weighing less than 1,000 grams (2 pounds, 3 ounces), representing the most critically...

Removal of an endotracheal tube from a patient who no longer requires mechanical ventilation.

A range of conditions affecting children exposed to alcohol in utero, causing physical, behavioral, and learning disabil...

Fraction of inspired oxygen; the percentage of oxygen in the gas mixture delivered to a patient.

Functional residual capacity - the volume of air remaining in the lungs after normal expiration.

A congenital abdominal wall defect resulting in herniation of intestines outside the abdominal cavity.

Method of delivering nutrition through a tube inserted into the stomach via nose or mouth.

Highly vascularized region in the developing brain prone to hemorrhage in preterm infants.

Bleeding in the fragile vascular area of the developing brain, most common in preterm infants.

A form of diabetes that develops during pregnancy, affecting maternal glucose metabolism and potentially impacting fetal...

A specialized ventilation technique that delivers very small tidal volumes at extremely high respiratory rates to minimi...

Abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain ventricles, requiring neurosurgical intervention in neonat...

Complete intravenous nutrition providing all calories, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals through a central venous ca...

An elevated level of bilirubin in the blood, commonly causing jaundice in newborns.

A diagnostic test used to differentiate between cyanotic congenital heart disease and pulmonary causes of hypoxemia in n...

Abnormally low blood calcium levels in newborns, which can cause seizures and other serious complications.

Abnormally low blood glucose levels in newborns, typically below 40-45 mg/dL depending on institutional protocols.

Bleeding into the brain's ventricular system, most commonly affecting premature infants.

Insertion of an endotracheal tube through the mouth or nose into the trachea to maintain an airway.

Intrauterine growth restriction - fetal growth below the 10th percentile for gestational age.

Skin-to-skin contact practice where the infant is placed on the parent's chest for thermal regulation and bonding.