Pediatric Medicine Glossary

Newborn delivered before 37 completed weeks of gestation.

A condition in infants where the muscle around the pylorus thickens, causing gastric outlet obstruction and projectile v...

A breathing disorder affecting premature newborns caused by insufficient surfactant production in immature lungs.

Common respiratory virus causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia, especially severe in infants.

An eye disorder affecting premature infants, characterized by abnormal blood vessel development in the retina that can l...

A common respiratory virus that can cause severe illness in infants and young children.

Life-threatening systemic inflammatory response to infection requiring immediate medical intervention.

Birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age, indicating intrauterine growth restriction.

A mild form of spina bifida where the neural tube defect is covered by skin and typically causes no symptoms.

A high-pitched, musical breathing sound caused by turbulent airflow through narrowed airways.

A common pediatric elbow injury where the radial head slips out of the annular ligament, typically occurring in children...

Medical treatment involving administration of artificial or natural surfactant to premature infants with respiratory dis...

A congenital condition where two or more fingers or toes are fused together, requiring surgical separation.

Public health monitoring system that tracks disease patterns based on clinical symptoms rather than confirmed diagnoses.

Abnormally rapid breathing rate, a common presenting symptom in pediatric respiratory conditions.

Transient condition causing rapid breathing in newborns due to delayed lung fluid clearance.

Standardized system for assessing sexual maturation and pubertal development in children.

Newborn delivered between 37 weeks 0 days and 41 weeks 6 days of gestation.

The onset of breast development in girls, typically the first sign of puberty occurring between ages 8-13.

A condition where the neck muscles cause the head to twist and tilt to one side.

Abnormal connection between the trachea and esophagus, often associated with esophageal atresia.

Chromosomal condition causing Down syndrome due to an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Non-random pattern of birth defects affecting vertebrae, anal, cardiac, tracheal, esophageal, renal, and limb structures...

Enlargement of the brain's ventricles, which may indicate hydrocephalus or other neurological conditions in children.