Neuro Ophthalmology Glossary

The biochemical process by which photoreceptors convert light energy into electrical signals for neural transmission.

Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy; vision loss due to ischemia of the posterior optic nerve.

Condition of elevated intracranial pressure without identifiable cause, presenting with papilledema and visual symptoms.

Drooping of the upper eyelid due to weakness of the levator muscle or its innervation.

Automatic pupillary constriction in response to bright light, mediated by the parasympathetic nervous system through the...

Smooth, voluntary eye movements used to track slowly moving objects and maintain fixation on them.

The early phase of smooth pursuit eye movements when the eyes begin to track a moving target.

Visual field defect affecting one quarter of the visual field.

Asymmetric pupillary response to light indicating unilateral or asymmetric optic nerve dysfunction.

An asymmetry in pupillary light responses indicating unilateral or asymmetric optic nerve dysfunction, detected by swing...

The neural pathway connecting retinal ganglion cells to the lateral geniculate nucleus, crucial for conscious vision.

Pathology affecting the visual pathway posterior to the optic chiasm, typically producing homonymous visual field defect...

Rapid, ballistic eye movement that redirects gaze between fixation points.

Abnormal fast eye movements that interrupt steady fixation, indicating dysfunction of brainstem or cerebellar eye moveme...

An area of diminished or absent vision within the visual field, which may be absolute or relative.

Vertical misalignment of eyes due to brainstem or cerebellar dysfunction.

Slow, continuous eye movements that track moving objects.

Three-dimensional depth perception resulting from the brain's processing of slightly different images from each eye (bin...

Eye movement disorder affecting voluntary gaze while preserving reflex eye movements, indicating brainstem pathology abo...

Paralysis of eye movements due to lesions above the cranial nerve nuclei, affecting gaze centers or cortical control.

Brief episodes of visual loss lasting seconds, typically associated with increased intracranial pressure and papilledema...

Electrophysiological test measuring electrical activity in the visual cortex in response to visual stimuli.

Simultaneous movement of both eyes in opposite directions to maintain binocular fixation.

Conjugate eye movements where both eyes move in the same direction.