Pediatric Neurology Glossary

Brain injury in newborns caused by insufficient oxygen delivery and blood flow to the brain during the perinatal period.

A chaotic, high-voltage EEG pattern characterized by irregular spike-wave activity, typically seen in infantile spasms.

Intracranial pressure monitor, a device used to measure pressure within the skull in critically ill patients.

Relating to or occurring during a seizure episode.

A specific type of epileptic seizure characterized by brief, symmetric contractions of neck, trunk, and extremities in i...

The period between seizures when brain activity appears normal on EEG monitoring.

Real-time monitoring of nervous system function during surgical procedures to prevent neurological injury.

A high-fat, low-carbohydrate medical diet used to treat drug-resistant epilepsy in children by inducing ketosis.

An epileptic encephalopathy characterized by acquired aphasia and epileptiform EEG abnormalities, typically occurring in...

A severe childhood epilepsy syndrome characterized by multiple seizure types, slow spike-and-wave EEG pattern, and intel...

A rare brain malformation characterized by absent or reduced brain folds (gyri), resulting in a smooth brain surface.

Diagnostic procedure involving insertion of a needle into the subarachnoid space to obtain cerebrospinal fluid for analy...

Abnormally large head circumference, typically defined as greater than two standard deviations above the mean for age an...

Advanced neuroimaging technique that measures magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in the brain.

A neurodevelopmental condition characterized by a significantly smaller than normal head circumference, typically more t...

Standardized scale used to measure degree of disability or dependence after neurological injury.

A progressive cerebrovascular disorder characterized by narrowing of major brain arteries and formation of abnormal coll...

A type of generalized seizure characterized by a brief muscle contraction followed immediately by loss of muscle tone, c...

Seizures occurring in infants during the first 28 days of life, often presenting with subtle clinical manifestations.

Congenital malformation resulting from incomplete closure of the neural tube during early embryonic development.

A malignant tumor arising from immature nerve cells of the sympathetic nervous system, most commonly occurring in infant...

A group of genetic disorders characterized by abnormalities affecting both the nervous system and skin, often with tumor...

An autoimmune encephalitis caused by antibodies against NMDA receptors, presenting with psychiatric symptoms, seizures,...

A critical condition of new-onset status epilepticus without clear acute cause, resistant to standard treatments.