corrected gestational age
The age a premature infant would be if they had been born at full term, calculated by subtracting the weeks of prematurity from the chronological age.
developmental dysplasia
Abnormal formation or growth of anatomical structures during fetal development, resulting in structural malformations or...
developmental dysplasia of the hip
A condition where the hip joint forms abnormally, ranging from mild socket shallowness to complete hip dislocation.
developmental milestone
Specific skills or behaviors that most children achieve by certain ages.
developmental screening
Standardized assessment process to identify children at risk for developmental delays or disabilities.
encephalopathy
A broad term describing brain dysfunction in newborns, often referring to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy caused by oxyg...
encopresis
Repeated passage of feces in inappropriate places in children over 4 years old, often associated with chronic constipati...
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Advanced life support technique using external artificial lung and heart bypass to provide respiratory and cardiac suppo...
failure to thrive
Condition where a child's weight or weight gain is significantly below normal for their age.
febrile seizure
Convulsions in children triggered by fever, typically occurring between 6 months and 5 years of age.
fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
Range of conditions resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure, including physical, behavioral, and learning disabilities.
fontanelle
Soft spot on an infant's skull where cranial bones have not yet fused, examined to assess intracranial pressure and deve...
gastroesophageal reflux
The backward flow of stomach contents into the esophagus, common in infants and may require treatment if causing symptom...
gastroschisis
Congenital abdominal wall defect where intestines protrude through an opening beside the umbilical cord, requiring immed...
gastrostomy tube
Feeding tube surgically placed through the abdominal wall into the stomach for long-term nutritional support in children...
growth velocity
Rate of linear growth over a specific time period, typically expressed in centimeters per year.
Hirschsprung disease
A congenital condition where nerve cells are missing from parts of the intestine, causing severe constipation or bowel o...
hyperbilirubinemia
Elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood, commonly causing jaundice in newborns and requiring monitoring for potential...
hypocalcemic seizures
Seizures caused by low blood calcium levels, most commonly seen in newborns with conditions affecting calcium metabolism...
hypoglycemia of infancy
Abnormally low blood glucose levels in newborns and infants, requiring prompt recognition and treatment to prevent neuro...
hypospadias
Congenital condition where the urethral opening is located on the underside of the penis rather than at the tip.
hypotonia
Decreased muscle tone resulting in floppy, weak muscle appearance and delayed motor development.
immunization schedule
Recommended timing and sequence of vaccines for children to prevent infectious diseases.
infantile spasms
A severe epilepsy syndrome of infancy characterized by clusters of sudden muscle contractions and associated with develo...
inguinal hernia
Protrusion of abdominal contents through the inguinal canal, more common in premature infants and males.