Urologic Oncology Glossary

Surgical removal of the primary kidney tumor in metastatic renal cell carcinoma to reduce tumor burden before systemic t...

Standardized scale measuring a patient's functional status and ability to perform daily activities during cancer treatme...

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status scale measuring patient functional status and treatment tolerance.

Performance status rating indicating fully active patient with no restrictions on normal activities.

Tumor growth beyond the prostate capsule into surrounding tissues, indicating locally advanced disease.

Histologic grading system for prostate cancer aggressiveness based on tumor architecture.

Swelling of the kidney due to backup of urine, often indicating urinary tract obstruction that may be malignant.

International classification system for testicular germ cell tumors based on histology, markers, and metastatic sites.

Urinary diversion technique using a segment of ileum to create a conduit between ureters and abdominal wall stoma.

Cancer treatment that harnesses the patient's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.

Real-time ultrasound imaging performed during surgery to guide tumor localization and resection margins.

Route of drug administration directly into the bladder through a catheter.

International Prostate Symptom Score system used to assess lower urinary tract symptoms and guide treatment decisions.

Surgical procedure involving removal of lymph nodes for staging or therapeutic purposes in urologic cancers.

Microscopic finding of cancer cells within lymphatic or blood vessels, indicating increased metastatic potential.

Presence of tumor cells within lymphatic or vascular channels, indicating aggressive tumor behavior and higher risk of m...

Surgical removal of metastatic tumor deposits, typically performed for oligometastatic disease with curative intent.

Advanced magnetic resonance imaging technique combining multiple sequences to improve detection and characterization of...

A surgically constructed internal urinary reservoir made from bowel segments to replace the bladder.

Surgical approach that minimizes or avoids removal of functional kidney tissue while treating renal malignancies.

Surgical technique that removes kidney tumors while preserving maximum healthy kidney tissue.

A catheter placed percutaneously into the renal pelvis to drain urine when normal urinary flow is obstructed.

Surgical removal of the kidney and entire ureter, typically for upper tract urothelial cancer.

Surgical approach preserving neurovascular bundles during prostatectomy to maintain erectile function and continence.