Child Neurology Glossary

Congenital brain malformations caused by abnormal movement of neurons during fetal brain development.

Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy with tonic spasms and burst-suppression EEG pattern.

Brain malformation characterized by abnormally thick and reduced number of cerebral gyri.

Acute disruption of blood flow to the brain in children, causing focal neurological symptoms and potential long-term dis...

The time period immediately before and after a seizure, encompassing both preictal and postictal phases.

White matter injury occurring around the ventricles, commonly seen in premature infants.

A neuronal migration disorder where clusters of neurons remain near the ventricles instead of migrating to form normal c...

Epilepsy that fails to become seizure-free despite adequate trials of two appropriately chosen antiepileptic drugs.

An anticonvulsant medication that blocks sodium channels to prevent seizures, commonly used in pediatric epilepsy manage...

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures; episodes resembling epileptic seizures but caused by psychological factors rather th...

Brain malformation with excessive small, abnormally folded gyri creating a bumpy cortical surface.

Occurring after a seizure, describing the recovery period following a seizure event.

A rare chronic inflammatory brain disorder causing progressive focal seizures and unilateral brain atrophy.

Epilepsy that does not respond to adequate trials of two appropriately chosen antiepileptic medications.

The level of brain excitability at which seizures occur; can be lowered by various factors including medications, illnes...

A velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone causing stiffness and resistance to passive movement.

A rare epilepsy syndrome where seizures are consistently triggered by sudden unexpected stimuli such as loud noises or t...

A seizure lasting more than 5 minutes or recurrent seizures without recovery of consciousness between episodes, constitu...

A benign brain tumor that develops near the ventricles in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex, requiring surgical m...

Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy; the sudden death of a person with epilepsy who was previously in their usual state...

Laboratory measurement of antiepileptic drug levels to optimize dosing and minimize toxicity.

Temporary weakness or paralysis that occurs following a focal seizure, typically lasting minutes to hours.

A genetic disorder causing benign tumor growth in multiple organs, commonly associated with epilepsy, autism, and cognit...

Implantable device therapy that delivers electrical stimulation to the vagus nerve for treatment of medication-resistant...